Naphthalene Electrophilic substitution Reaction at 1st position
Example
Nitration of Naphthalene
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Example
Nitration of Naphthalene
Electrophilic aromatic substitution of Naphthalene depends on the stability of the cationic intermediate.
If we compare the substitution at 1st and 2nd position , we notice that several resonance structures for each of the two cationic intermediates.
However, the substitution resulting from 1st addition has one extra contributing structure that retains the unbroken benzene-like structure. Indicated by pink circle.
whereas the substitution at 2nd position does not have any benzenoid contributing structures.
Because of this the benzenoid bonding pattern is associated with aromatic stabilization at position 1st , we conclude that the preferred pathway of addition will be the one.